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Aden Province
Aden, essentially the port of Aden, was governed and organized as a Province of the British India between 1839 and 1937, while physically located on the southern Arabian Peninsula. Aden had been governed since September 1839 as the Aden Settlement, a 'Non-Regulation Province'〔(The land systems of British India )〕 subordinated to the Bombay Presidency,〔(Provinces of British India )〕 and then as a 'Regulation Province' governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the Governor-General of India.
After British occupation Aden soon became an important transit port and coaling station for trade between Europe, India and the Far East. The commercial and strategic importance of Aden increased considerably after the Red Sea was surveyed and the Suez Canal opened in 1869. From then and until the 1960s, the Port of Aden was to be one of the busiest ship-bunkering, duty-free shopping, and trading ports in the world.〔(British-Yemeni Society: The development of the Port of Aden )〕 Later, British influence would extend progressively into the vast hinterland and, by the early 1900s, the British Government of India began to refer to the nine protectorates neighbouring Aden Settlement, consisting of South Arabia and the Aden Residency, as the 'Aden Protectorate'.〔(James Onley, ''The Raj Reconsidered: British India’s Informal Empire and Spheres of Influence in Asia and Africa'' (2009) )〕 Aden was to remain under British control until 1967.
Under the Government of India Act 1935 the territory was detached from British India and was re-organised as a separate Crown Colony of the United Kingdom, the Colony of Aden; this separation took effect on 1 April 1937.
==History==
Under British rule Aden was governed as the 'Aden Settlement' after occupation. It was placed under the Bombay Presidency and all foreign affairs were conducted through the Indian Political Service (IPS), being treated in practice as if it was a province of British India. However, the actual status of a regulation province governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the Governor-General of India was granted to Aden only in 1932 when the administration of Aden was transferred to the government of India in Delhi.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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